Key statistics
Regional Asia market comparison
Market characteristics
Market Leaders
Market Challengers
Market Emergents
TMI vs GDP
Mobile and mobile broadband penetration
Fixed versus mobile broadband penetration
Covid-19 and its impact on the telecom sector
Economic considerations and responses
Subscribers
Infrastructure
Telecommunications market
Regulatory environment
Regulatory authorities
o Ministry for Communications (MoC)
o Department of Telecommunications (DoT)
o Telecom Commission
o Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI)
o Telecom Dispute Settlement & Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT)
o Communications Commission of India (CCI)
o Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)
Fixed-line developments
o Licensing circles
o Licensing – VNOs
o Net Neutrality
o Interconnect
o Fibre access
Mobile network developments
o Spectrum
o Mobile subscriber verification
o Interconnection
o Mobile Number Portability (MNP)
Mobile market
Urban versus rural divide
Mobile infrastructure
o 5G
o 4G/LTE
o CDMA
o Other infrastructure developments
o Mobile broadband
Major mobile operators
o Bharat Sanchar Nigam (BSNL)
o Bharti Airtel
o Mahanagar Telephone Nigam (MTNL)
o Vodafone Idea
o Quadrant
o Reliance Communications (RCOM)
o Reliance Jio Infocomm (Jio)
o Tata Teleservices (TTSL)
o Reach Mobile
o MVNOs
Fixed-line broadband market
National Broadband Plan
Fixed broadband ISPs
o Bharat Sanchar Nigam (BSNL)
o Bharti Airtel
o Hughes Telecom
o Mahanagar Telephone Nigam (MTNL)
o Atria Convergence Technologies (ACT)
o Vodafone Idea
o Reliance Jio
Fibre-to-the-Premises (FttP) networks
Hybrid Fibre Coax (HFC) networks
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) networks
Other fixed broadband services
o Wi-Fi
Digital economy
e-Payments
Fixed network market
Major network operators
BSNL
Bharti Airtel
MTNL
Quadrant
Reliance Communications
TATA Teleservices
Vodafone Idea
Telecommunications infrastructure
National telecom network
o Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF)
o BharatNet / National Optical Fibre Network (NOFN)
o Public Call Offices (PCOs)
International infrastructure
o Submarine cable networks
o Satellite networks
Data Centres
Smart infrastructure
o IoT
Glossary of abbreviations
Related reports
List of Tables
• Table 1 – Top Level Country Statistics and Telco Authorities – India – 2022 (e)
• Table 2 – Change in mobile ARPU (contract, prepaid, blended) (? / month) – 2017 – 2021
• Table 3 – Growth in the number of mobile subscribers and penetration – 2012 – 2027
• Table 4 – Change in mobile penetration in urban and rural areas – 2012 – 2021
• Table 5 – Growth in the number of mobile broadband subscribers, penetration – 2012 – 2027
• Table 6 – Change in the mobile market share of subscribers (major MNOs) – 2012 – 2021
• Table 7 – Change in the number of BSNL’s mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Table 8 – Growth in the number of Bharti Airtel’s mobile subscribers (million) – 2012 – 2021
• Table 9 – Change in Bharti Airtel’s mobile ARPU – 2012 – 2021
• Table 10 – Change in the number of MTNL’s mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Table 11 – Growth in the number of Vodafone Idea’s mobile subscribers (company data) (million) – 2012 – 2021
• Table 12 – Change in Vodafone Idea mobile ARPU – 2012 – 2021
• Table 13 – Change in the number of RCOM’s mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Table 14 – Growth in the number of Reliance Jio’s mobile subscribers – 2016 – 2021
• Table 15 – Reliance mobile ARPU – 2017 – 2021
• Table 16 – Decline in the number of Tata Teleservices’ mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2018
• Table 17 – Growth in the number of fixed broadband subscribers and penetration – 2012 – 2027
• Table 18 – Growth in the number of fibre broadband subscribers – 2012 – 2019
• Table 19 – Growth in the number of cable modem subscribers – 2012 – 2019
• Table 20 – Change in the number of DSL subscribers – 2012 – 2019
• Table 21 – Change in the number of fixed-line subscribers and penetration – 2012 – 2027
• Table 22 – Market share of fixed-lines in service by main provider – 2012 – 2021
• Table 23 – Decline in the number of BSNL’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Table 24 – Decline in BSNL’s financial data (? billion) – 2012 – 2022
• Table 25 – Growth in the number of Bharti Airtel’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Table 26 – Change in Bharti Airtel group financial data (? billion) – 2012 – 2022
• Table 27 – Decline in the number of MTNL’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Table 28 – Change in MTNL’s financial data (? billion) – 2014 – 2022
• Table 29 – Change in the number of Quadrant’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Table 30 – Decline in the number of Reliance’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Table 31 – Decline in Reliance Communication’s financial data (? billion) – 2012 – 2021
• Table 32 – Growth in the number of Tata’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Table 33 – Growth in Tata communication group financial data (? billion) – 2016 – 2022
• Table 34 – Growth in the number of Vodafone Idea’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Table 35 – Development of Vodafone Idea’s financial data (? billion) – 2012 – 2021
• Table 36 – Decline in the number of PCOs in operation – 2012 – 2021
• Table 37 – Growth in international internet bandwidth – 2012 – 2020
• Table 38 – Historic – Mobile subscribers (GSM and CDMA) (million) – 2002 – 2017
• Table 39 – Historic – Vodafone Idea – mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2011
• Table 40 – Historic – Vodafone – mobile ARPU – 2008 – 2018
• Table 41 – Historic – Vodafone mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2017
• Table 42 – Historic – Reliance mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2011
• Table 43 – Historic – MTNL mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2011
• Table 44 – Historic – Bharti Airtel mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2011
• Table 45 – Historic – Tata Teleservices mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2011
• Table 46 – Historic – BSNL mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2011
• Table 47 – Historic – Bharti Airtel mobile ARPU – 2005 – 2011
• Table 48 – Historic – Quadrant mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2016
• Table 49 – Historic – Sistema mobile subscribers – 2008 – 2016
• Table 50 – Historic – Telenor mobile subscribers – 2009 – 2017
• Table 51 – Historic – Aircel mobile subscribers – 2004 – 2018
• Table 52 – Historic – Reliance mobile ARPU – 2008 – 2017
• Table 53 – Historic – Mobile ARPU (GSM and CDMA) (? / month) – 2005 – 2013
• Table 54 – Historic – Dial-up internet subscribers – 2007 – 2012
• Table 55 – Historic – International internet bandwidth – 2000 – 2011
• Table 56 – Historic – Number of licensed ISPs – 2002 – 2013
• Table 57 – Historic – Cable modem subscribers – 2001 – 2011
• Table 58 – Historic – DSL subscribers – 2001 – 2011
• Table 59 – Historic – Reliance communication fixed-line subscribers – 2005 – 2011
• Table 60 – Historic – Sistema fixed-line subscribers – 2010 – 2017
• Table 61 – Historic – Videocon mobile subscribers – 2010 – 2015
• Table 62 – Historic – Fixed-line subscribers and teledensity – 1995 – 2005
• Table 63 – Historic – Change in mobile annualized ARPU (GSM and CDMA) (? / month) – 2014 – 2018
• Table 64 – Historic – Development of internet penetration – 2008 – 2011
• Table 65 – Historic – Decline in the number of BSNL’s fixed-line subscribers – 2008 – 2011
• Table 66 – Historic – Growth in the number of Bharti Airtel’s fixed-line subscribers – 2008 – 2011
• Table 67 – Historic – Decline in the number of PCOs in operation – 2008 – 2011
List of Charts
• Chart 1 – Asia Telecoms Maturity Index – Market Leaders
• Chart 2 – Asia Telecoms Maturity Index – Market Challengers
• Chart 3 – Asia Telecoms Maturity Index – Market Emergents
• Chart 4 – Asia – Telecoms Maturity Index vs GDP per capita
• Chart 5 – Asia – Mobile subscriber penetration vs mobile broadband penetration
• Chart 6 – Central Asia – Mobile subscriber penetration vs mobile broadband penetration
• Chart 7 – Central Asia – Fixed and mobile broadband penetration
• Chart 8 – Change in mobile ARPU (contract, prepaid, blended) – 2017 – 2021
• Chart 9 – Growth in the number of mobile subscribers and penetration – 2012 – 2027
• Chart 10 – Change in mobile penetration in urban and rural areas – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 11 – Growth in the number of mobile broadband subscribers, penetration – 2012 – 2027
• Chart 12 – Change in the mobile market share of subscribers (major MNOs) – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 13 – Change in the number of BSNL’s mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 14 – Growth in the number of Bharti Airtel’s mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 15 – Change in Bharti Airtel’s mobile ARPU – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 16 – Change in the number of MTNL’s mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 17 – Growth in the number of Vodafone Idea’s mobile subscribers (company data) – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 18 – Change in Vodafone Idea mobile ARPU – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 19 – Change in the number of RCOM’s mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 20 – Growth in the number of Reliance Jio’s mobile subscribers – 2016 – 2021
• Chart 21 – Reliance mobile ARPU – 2017 – 2021
• Chart 22 – Growth in the number of fixed broadband subscribers and penetration – 2012 – 2027
• Chart 23 – Growth in the number of fibre broadband subscribers – 2012 – 2019
• Chart 24 – Growth in the number of cable modem subscribers – 2012 – 2019
• Chart 25 – Change in the number of DSL subscribers – 2012 – 2019
• Chart 26 – Change in the number of fixed-line subscribers and penetration – 2012 – 2027
• Chart 27 – Decline in the number of BSNL’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 28 – Decline in BSNL’s financial data – 2012 – 2022
• Chart 29 – Growth in the number of Bharti Airtel’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 30 – Change in Bharti Airtel group financial data – 2012 – 2022
• Chart 31 – Decline in the number of MTNL’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 32 – Change in MTNL’s financial data – 2014 – 2022
• Chart 33 – Change in the number of Quadrant’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 34 – Decline in the number of Reliance’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 35 – Decline in Reliance Communication’s financial data – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 36 – Growth in the number of Tata’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 37 – Growth in Tata communication group financial data – 2016 – 2022
• Chart 38 – Growth in the number of Vodafone Idea’s fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 39 – Development of Vodafone Idea’s financial data – 2012 – 2021
• Chart 40 – Decline in the number of PCOs in operation – 2012 – 2021
List of Exhibits
• Exhibit 1 – Map of Telecom Maturity Index global ranking among countries in Asia
• Exhibit 2 – Generalised Market Characteristics by Market Segment
• Exhibit 3 – Asia – Market Leaders and market developments
• Exhibit 4 – Asia – Market Challengers and market developments
• Exhibit 5 – Asia – Market Emergents and market developments
• Exhibit 6 – Spectrum auction results – 2016
• Exhibit 7 – CDMA 3G commercial deployments in India
• Exhibit 8 – Major shareholders in Bharti Airtel
• Exhibit 9 – International submarine cable systems with landing points in India
• Exhibit 10 – ISRO satellite network